Quadrant kinoform: an approach to multiplane dynamic three-dimensional holographic trapping

Real-time dynamic holographic optical tweezers suffer from an intrinsic limitation. The diffractive optical element, which is the key to reconstruction, requires time for the calculation and physical constraints to be satisfied. In particular, when working in a volume these requirements become highly expensive. Quadrant kinoform represents an alternative to traditional 3D holograms. A spatial domain multiplexing combined with lens term phase profiles allow the independent addressing and control of different planes in the reconstruction volume. The bidimensional holograms used pose less severe physical constraints and the reduced size leads, at the cost of a lower reconstruction resolution, to a consistent speedup in the computation time thus improving real-time interactions.