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Genetic diversity among Enterococcus faecalis.

Shonna M McBride1, Vincent A Fischetti, Donald J Leblanc

  • 1Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

Plos One
|July 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Enterococcus faecalis strains show diverse virulence and antibiotic resistance. Specific lineages have globally spread, acquiring new resistances and converging virulence traits, contributing to nosocomial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Enterococcus faecalis is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections.
  • These bacteria frequently exhibit multi-drug resistance and acquire new resistance genes.
  • Understanding E. faecalis genetic diversity is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic relationships and evolution of E. faecalis strains.
  • To identify factors contributing to pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.
  • To define the core genome of E. faecalis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 106 E. faecalis strains spanning 100 years.
  • Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) to define genetic lineages.
  • Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization to determine the core genome.

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Main Results:

  • Virulence and antibiotic resistance traits are present across diverse E. faecalis lineages.
  • Specific lineages have emerged, causing global outbreaks with novel antibiotic resistances and convergent virulence.
  • The core E. faecalis genome comprises approximately 2057 unique genes.

Conclusions:

  • E. faecalis evolution involves the acquisition and dissemination of virulence and resistance traits.
  • Emergent lineages pose significant public health challenges due to combined resistance and virulence.
  • Genomic analysis provides insights into E. faecalis pathogenicity and adaptation.