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Related Concept Videos

Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...

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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Orthotopic Xenografting of Human Luciferase-Tagged Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells for in vivo Testing of Candidate Therapeutic Agents
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Orthotopic Xenografting of Human Luciferase-Tagged Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells for in vivo Testing of Candidate Therapeutic Agents

Published on: March 7, 2011

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

Gaurav Gupta1, Allen Maniker

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.

Neurosurgical Focus
|July 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare sarcomas. This review covers MPNST epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and treatment, clarifying terminology and discussing cell of origin.

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Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models

Published on: May 17, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Background:

  • Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft tissue sarcomas.
  • MPNSTs arise from peripheral nerve branches and are ectomesenchymal in origin.
  • The World Health Organization standardized the terminology for these tumors, replacing older terms like "malignant schwannoma."

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and treatment of MPNSTs.
  • To clarify the terminology surrounding MPNSTs.
  • To discuss the cell of origin for MPNSTs, noting it remains elusive.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and treatment of MPNSTs.
  • Discussion of the cell of origin, referencing Schwann cells and pluripotent neural crest cells.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding MPNSTs.

Main Results:

  • MPNSTs are derived from Schwann cells or pluripotent neural crest cells.
  • The precise cell of origin for MPNSTs is not conclusively identified and may involve multiple cell lineages.
  • Current literature on MPNSTs covers key aspects from epidemiology to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • MPNSTs represent a distinct group of rare soft tissue sarcomas.
  • Understanding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management is crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to definitively identify the cell of origin for MPNSTs.