Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
06:45

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Published on: February 10, 2023

Venous thromboembolism in Thai children

Nongnuch Sirachainan1, Ampaiwan Chuansumrit, Pantep Angchaisuksiri

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. rasrb@mahidol.ac.th

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
|July 7, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) is uncommon in Thai children, with infection and malignancy being common causes. Outcomes include death, postphlebitic syndrome, and recurrence, with protein C deficiency noted in some cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant concern in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric VTE is crucial for effective management.
  • Limited data exists on pediatric VTE in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence rate of pediatric VTE in Thai children.
  • To identify associated medical conditions and risk factors for VTE in this population.
  • To describe the clinical outcomes of pediatric VTE, including mortality, morbidity, and recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 24 pediatric patients diagnosed with VTE between 1981 and 2005 in Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, associated medical conditions, VTE characteristics, and outcomes.
  • Genetic risk factors (Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin 20210 mutation, Protein C deficiency) were investigated in a subset of patients.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of VTE in Thai children was 3.9 per 10,000 hospital admissions annually.
  • Infection (75%) and malignancy were the most frequent associated medical conditions.
  • Pulmonary embolism occurred in 29% of patients; observed outcomes included death (13%), postphlebitic syndrome (13%), and recurrence (26%).
  • Protein C deficiency was identified in 4 patients; Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin 20210 mutations were not detected.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric VTE in Thailand presents with significant associated medical conditions, primarily infection and malignancy.
  • The incidence rate and outcomes of VTE in Thai children warrant attention and further research.
  • Genetic factors, specifically Protein C deficiency, may play a role in pediatric VTE in this region.

Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...