Ultrahigh vacuum-compatible fabrication and electrical characterization systems for environmentally sensitive metal...

We describe an integrated, ultrahigh vacuum system for metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) device fabrication and characterization. This system is advantageous for electrical property measurements on electronic devices with environmentally sensitive materials and is especially important as device dimensions approach the nanoscale. Without exposure to atmosphere, MOS capacitors were fabricated by evaporatively depositing gate metal on molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) grown dielectrics through a shadow mask in an UHV electrode-patterning chamber. Finished devices were transferred in UHV to an in situ UHV electrical characterization probe station. We obtained excellent agreement between air-ambient ex situ and in situ probe station measurements with less than 0.3% systemic error for frequencies from 20 Hz to 1 MHz. We have successfully measured MOS capacitors with sensitivity to a density of interface states of 1x10(10) states cm(-2) eV(-1). These measurements show 0.5% systematic error for measurement frequencies from 20 Hz to 1 kHz and less than 0.1% from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The integrated system presented here is one where complex, MBE-grown MOS heterostructures can be synthesized and tested rapidly to explore new field-effect-device physics and functionality.