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Positron Emission Tomography Using 64-Copper as a Tracer for the Study of Copper-Related Disorders
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Function and regulation of human copper-transporting ATPases
Svetlana Lutsenko1, Natalie L Barnes, Mee Y Bartee
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA. lutsenko@ohsu.edu
Physiological Reviews
|July 7, 2007
Summary
Copper-transporting ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B are vital proteins regulating copper levels and function in the human body. Understanding their structure, function, and trafficking is key to addressing related diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Copper-transporting ATPases (Cu-ATPases), ATP7A and ATP7B, are essential polytopic membrane proteins involved in human physiology.
- Their function is critical for the central nervous system, liver function, and connective tissue formation, with dysfunction linked to Menkes and Wilson diseases.
- Cu-ATPases maintain intracellular copper homeostasis and facilitate copper delivery for enzyme biosynthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on the structure, function, and regulation of ATP7A and ATP7B.
- To summarize their tissue-specific localization and physiological roles.
- To discuss models of regulated trafficking and copper-dependent control of human Cu-ATPases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advancements in Cu-ATPase research.
- Analysis of structural and functional data.
- Synthesis of current understanding of Cu-ATPase trafficking and regulation.
Main Results:
- Significant progress has been made in understanding Cu-ATPase structure, function, and regulation.
- Cu-ATPases play crucial roles in various tissues, with their activity and localization modulated by copper levels.
- Current models describe the complex mechanisms controlling Cu-ATPase trafficking and function.
Conclusions:
- ATP7A and ATP7B are essential copper transporters with diverse physiological roles.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate tissue-specific functions and regulatory mechanisms.
- Understanding Cu-ATPase dynamics is vital for comprehending copper homeostasis and related diseases.
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