Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...

Spinal Cord

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...

The Spinal Cord

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same journal

Factors Associated to Invasive Fungal Infection in Hispanic Patients with Hematological Malignancies.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2018

Same journal

Clinical profile, bacterial isolates, and antibiotic resistance of corneal ulcers in Puerto Rico.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2017

Same journal

Secondary Resistance to dopamine agonist after thirteen months of successful treatment in a 42 years old man.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2017

Same journal

Pheochromocytoma in pregnancy: A case Report.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2017

Same journal

Acute Shortening and re-lengthening in the management of open tibia fractures with severe bone of 14 CMS or more and extensive soft tissue loss.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2017

Same journal

Klinefelter Syndrome (49, XXXXY/48, XXXY) associated with narrow angle glaucoma: A case report.

Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Spinal cord high grade astrocytoma.

Marianela Cuadrado-Pereira, Jorge Rodriguez-Saenz, Job Andujar-Felix

Boletin De La Asociacion Medica De Puerto Rico

|July 10, 2007

Summary

Intensive inpatient rehabilitation significantly improved survival and functional outcomes for a patient with high-grade spinal cord astrocytoma, exceeding initial expectations. This approach facilitated the achievement of premorbid functional goals.

Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Rehabilitation Medicine
Spinal Cord Injury

Background:

High-grade astrocytomas of the spinal cord are rare and aggressive tumors.
Prognosis is typically poor, with limited survival and functional recovery.

Observation:

A case report detailing the medical history, psychosocial factors, and rehabilitation of a patient with spinal cord high-grade astrocytoma.
The patient received comprehensive, intensive inpatient interdisciplinary rehabilitation.

Findings:

Aggressive multimodality treatment, including rehabilitation, led to survival exceeding three years (expected ten months).
The patient achieved previous premorbid functional goals, demonstrating significant functional independence.

Implications:

More Related Videos

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Intensive acute inpatient rehabilitation can yield superior outcomes for spinal cord high-grade astrocytomas compared to standard care.
Further research is needed to compare outcomes with long-term care facility-based rehabilitation.