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Acute otitis media associated with cytomegalovirus infection in infants and children

Hisakazu Yano1, Naohiro Okitsu, Oshi Watanabe

  • 1Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8520, Japan. yanohisa@snh.go.jp

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|July 10, 2007
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a significant cause of acute otitis media (AOM) in young children. Suspect CMV infection in AOM patients presenting with liver dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acute otitis media (AOM) frequently complicates viral respiratory infections in children.
  • The specific viral pathogens contributing to AOM require further elucidation.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a known cause of viral respiratory infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and acute otitis media (AOM) in children.
  • To determine if CMV is a causative agent of AOM.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 495 children under 6 years old diagnosed with AOM.
  • Performed bacterial and viral cultures on nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) and middle ear fluid (MEF).
  • Measured serum IgM antibody for CMV and glutamyl pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels; confirmed CMV infection via culture and/or IgM, and nested PCR on NPS/MEF.

Main Results:

  • CMV infection was identified in 12 of 495 children (2.4%).
  • CMV was detected in NPS and/or MEF in all 12 cases, with significantly higher serum GPT levels in infected children.
  • Elevated serum GPT levels in CMV-infected children suggest liver dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is implicated as a causative pathogen in pediatric acute otitis media (AOM).
  • CMV infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of AOM, particularly when liver dysfunction is present.

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