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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings
Published on: October 25, 2015
The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure: anesthetic considerations
Leon C Chang1, Krzysztof M Kuczkowski
1Departments of Anesthesiology and Reproductive Medicine, UCSD Medical Center, University of California-San Diego, 200 W. Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
Abstract:
The ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure is an uncommon operation indicated for fetal lesions with the potential to cause life-threatening airway obstruction immediately after delivery. By maintaining utero-placental circulation, the fetal airway can be evaluated and secured prior to delivery. The anesthetic goals for the EXIT procedure differ significantly from a cesarean delivery and include profound uterine relaxation, fetal anesthesia and maintenance of the maternal-fetal circulation. We present a case of an uneventful EXIT procedure and include a discussion of the anesthetic goals for this operation.
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