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[Clinical studies of cefdinir in pediatric infections]
1Division of Pediatrics, Tokyo Kosei-Nenkin Hospital.
Insights
Cefdinir (CFDN) granules effectively treated acute febrile respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections. High clinical efficacy was observed, with significant eradication of common bacterial pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Bacterial infections, particularly respiratory tract infections (RTI) and urinary tract infections (UTI), remain a significant global health concern.
- Cefdinir (CFDN), a third-generation cephalosporin, is a widely used antibiotic for treating various bacterial infections.
- Evaluating the efficacy and safety of different formulations and dosages of Cefdinir is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the clinical efficacy and bacteriological effects of a 5% and 10% fine granule preparation of Cefdinir (CFDN) in patients with acute febrile respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections.
- To determine the optimal dosage of CFDN for treating pneumonia, specifically evaluating the impact of 20 mg/kg/day versus 5 mg/kg/day.
- To document any adverse effects associated with Cefdinir administration in the studied patient population.
Main Methods:
- A total of 42 patients with acute febrile RTI and 1 patient with UTI were enrolled.
- Patients received either a 5% fine granule preparation (4.9-21.1 mg/kg/day in 3 portions) or a 10% fine granule preparation (10.0-20.0 mg/kg/day in 3 portions) of Cefdinir.
- Clinical outcomes, bacteriological eradication rates, and adverse events were monitored.
Main Results:
- Good clinical effects were observed in 87.5% of patients with acute pharyngitis, 92.3% with acute tonsillitis, 50.0% with pneumonia, and 100% with UTI.
- Bacteriological eradication was achieved for Staphylococcus aureus (83.3%), Streptococcus pyogenes (100%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (100%), Haemophilus influenzae (46.2%), and Escherichia coli (100%).
- A higher dose of Cefdinir (20 mg/kg/day) showed improved clinical and bacteriological responses against H. influenzae in pneumonia patients compared to a lower dose (5 mg/kg/day).
- Two cases reported mild side effects: soft stools and diarrhea.
Conclusions:
- Cefdinir fine granule preparations demonstrate high clinical efficacy and good bacteriological eradication rates for acute febrile RTI and UTI.
- The 20 mg/kg/day dosage appears more effective for treating pneumonia caused by H. influenzae.
- Cefdinir is generally well-tolerated, with a low incidence of mild adverse effects.
Abstract:
Five percent fine granule preparation of cefdinir (CFDN, FK482) was administered to 30 patients with acute febrile respiratory tract infections (RTI) at 4.9-21.1 mg/kg/day divided into 3 portions. And 10% fine granule preparation of CFDN was also administered to 11 patients with acute febrile RTI and 1 patient with urinary tract infection at 10.0-20.0 mg/kg/day divided into 3 portions. Good clinical effects observed in 21 of 24 patients (87.5%) with acute pharyngitis, 12 of 13 patients (92.3%) with acute tonsillitis, 2 of 4 patients (50.0%) with pneumonia and a patient with urinary tract infection. From these patients, 34 causative organisms were isolated. Ten (83.3%) of 12 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, all 6 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 1 strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 6 (46.2%) of 13 strains of Haemophillus influenzae and 1 strain of Escherichia coli were eradicated from these patients. Among the patients with pneumonia, CFDN 20 mg/kg/day dose group showed better clinical responses and better bacteriological effects against H. influenzae among the patients given CFDN 20 mg/kg/day dose group than those given CFDN 5 mg/kg/day dose group. Side effects were noted in 2 cases, one case had soft stools and the other had diarrheas.