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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History

The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
03:26

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

[Lower urinary tract dysfunction and spinal cord injury].

A Even-Schneider1, P Denys, E Chartier-Kastler

  • 1Service de Médecine physique et de réadaptation, Hopital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France. even.schneider@rpc.aphp.fr

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|July 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Improved spinal cord injury management enhances patient life expectancy and independence. Multidisciplinary care, including urologists, is crucial for preventing complications and aiding social rehabilitation.

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Activity-based Training on a Treadmill with Spinal Cord Injured Wistar Rats
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Published on: January 16, 2019

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
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Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection

Published on: August 28, 2020

Activity-based Training on a Treadmill with Spinal Cord Injured Wistar Rats
06:40

Activity-based Training on a Treadmill with Spinal Cord Injured Wistar Rats

Published on: January 16, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Urology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Context:

  • Advances in understanding spinal cord injury pathophysiology.
  • Improved clinical management strategies for spinal cord injury patients.

Purpose:

  • To outline the objectives of spinal cord injury treatment: complication prevention and maximizing patient independence.
  • To emphasize the role of multidisciplinary care in achieving patient rehabilitation.

Summary:

  • Life expectancy for spinal cord injury patients has significantly increased.
  • Urinary complications, while reduced, remain a frequent issue requiring specialized urological input.
  • Multidisciplinary management is key to preventing complications and facilitating social reintegration.

Impact:

  • Enhanced patient independence and social rehabilitation.
  • Reduced mortality and rehospitalization rates related to spinal cord injury complications.
  • Highlights the critical role of urologists within a comprehensive care network.