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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Quantifying Human Norovirus Virus-like Particles Binding to Commensal Bacteria Using Flow Cytometry

Quantifying Human Norovirus Virus-like Particles Binding to Commensal Bacteria Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 29, 2020

Norovirus-host interaction: implications for disease control and prevention.

Ming Tan¹, Xi Jiang

¹Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine

|July 12, 2007

Summary

Noroviruses cause widespread gastroenteritis epidemics. Soluble histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) in human milk may act as decoy receptors, protecting infants from norovirus (NV) infection.

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Quantifying Human Norovirus Virus-like Particles Binding to Commensal Bacteria Using Flow Cytometry

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Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus

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Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity

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Published on: November 16, 2017

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Noroviruses (NVs) are a primary cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks globally, affecting all age groups.
Three main human histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) families (ABO, Lewis, secretor) are key to NV recognition, with eight distinct binding patterns identified.
The P domain of the viral capsid contains the receptor-binding interface, crucial for NV attachment to host cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in understanding norovirus-HBGA interactions.
To discuss the role of soluble HBGAs as potential decoy receptors for infant protection.
To highlight implications for norovirus gastroenteritis control and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature on norovirus structure, function, and host interactions.
Analysis of phylogenetic data to understand genetic relatedness among NV strains.
Discussion of experimental and epidemiological findings related to HBGA binding.

Main Results:

The P domain's outermost surface mediates NV recognition through specific interactions with HBGA carbohydrate side-chains.
Soluble HBGAs present in human milk demonstrate potential as decoy receptors, inhibiting NV binding.
Phylogenetic analysis indicates limited genetic correlation between NVs with similar receptor-binding specificities.

Conclusions:

Understanding NV-HBGA interactions is critical for developing effective prevention and control measures.
Soluble HBGAs offer a promising avenue for protecting vulnerable populations, particularly infants, from norovirus infections.
Further research into NV genetics and receptor binding is essential for combating gastroenteritis epidemics.