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Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Perception01:28

Perception

Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
07:13

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Published on: November 9, 2018

Cortical processing and perceived timing.

Derek H Arnold1, Paul Wilcock

  • 1School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. darnold@psy.uq.edu.au

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|July 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Perceived timing depends on when brain analyses finish, not when they start. Smaller visual changes lead to delayed perception, suggesting timing is influenced by later sensory analyses.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • The neural basis of perceived timing remains debated.
  • Two hypotheses exist: timing perception relates to the completion or commencement of cortical analyses.
  • Distinguishing these requires isolating cortical processing from subcortical influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cortical processing in perceived timing.
  • To differentiate between hypotheses regarding the onset versus offset of cortical analysis for timing perception.
  • To determine if timing illusions arise from cortical processing or signal transmission delays.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized binocular disparity changes, a stimulus known to engage cortical analyses.
  • Measured stimulus exposure durations required for change detection.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
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A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

Published on: November 9, 2018

Eye Movements in Visual Duration Perception: Disentangling Stimulus from Time in Predecisional Processes
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  • Assessed reaction times and perceived timing of disparity changes.
  • Manipulated disparity magnitude to assess its influence on perception.

    • Main Results:

    • Longer stimulus exposures were needed for smaller disparity changes compared to larger ones.
    • Reaction times were slower for smaller disparity changes.
    • Smaller disparity changes were perceived as perceptually delayed.
    • Disparity magnitude had a more significant impact on perceived timing than on change detection.

    Conclusions:

    • Perceived timing is influenced by cortical processing.
    • Sensory analyses occurring after initial stimulus detection shape perceived timing.
    • Findings support a model where timing perception is influenced by the duration and extent of cortical analysis.