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Manganese accumulation in the brain: MR imaging

A Uchino1, T Noguchi, K Nomiyama

  • 1Department of Radiology, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan. uchino@med.saga-u.ac.jp

Neuroradiology
|July 13, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Brain manganese (Mn) accumulation causes specific MRI signal changes. This review covers abdominal diseases and other factors leading to Mn buildup in the brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Manganese (Mn) accumulation in the brain is a recognized neurological finding.
  • It typically presents as symmetrical high signal intensity in the globus pallidi on T1-weighted MRI, with normal T2-weighted signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cases of brain Mn accumulation linked to abdominal diseases.
  • To identify diverse etiologies of Mn accumulation in the brain.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of case studies.
  • Analysis of MRI findings in patients with Mn accumulation.
  • Correlation of Mn accumulation with underlying medical conditions.

Main Results:

  • Mn accumulation is associated with various acquired and congenital abdominal diseases causing portosystemic shunts.
  • Specific conditions include hepatic cirrhosis, biliary atresia, primary biliary cirrhosis, and Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome.
  • Other causes identified are total parenteral nutrition and occupational manganese intoxication.

Conclusions:

  • Abdominal diseases, particularly those involving portosystemic shunts, are significant causes of brain Mn accumulation.
  • Diverse etiologies, including nutritional and occupational exposures, contribute to Mn neurotoxicity.

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