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Related Concept Videos

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

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Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy from a Single Entry Point
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Craniopharyngiomas in children.

Kazumi Ohmori1, John Collins, Takanori Fukushima

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W.VA., USA. kazuohmori@yahoo.co.jp

Pediatric Neurosurgery
|July 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Complete surgical removal of pediatric craniopharyngiomas, especially large ones, is achievable with advanced microsurgical techniques, leading to low recurrence rates. This approach minimizes major complications, though moderate morbidities require management.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric neurosurgery
  • Pediatric oncology
  • Neurosurgical oncology

Background:

  • Craniopharyngioma treatment in children lacks a consensus approach, with options including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
  • This study reviews treatment strategies for pediatric craniopharyngiomas, focusing on surgical techniques and postoperative effects.

Observation:

  • Twenty-seven pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas underwent surgical treatment.
  • A literature review analyzed clinical features and treatment outcomes for pediatric craniopharyngiomas.

Findings:

  • Radiographically complete resection was achieved in 92.6% of cases, with 100% in recent cases.
  • Literature shows gross total resection rates from 33-91% and recurrence rates varying by resection extent and adjuvant therapy.
  • Advanced microsurgical techniques enable safe, complete excision of even large tumors, with a low recurrence rate when complete removal is confirmed postoperatively.

Implications:

  • Early postoperative MRI confirming complete resection predicts a low recurrence risk.
  • Advanced microsurgical techniques and staged strategies can achieve total excision of pediatric craniopharyngiomas.
  • While major morbidities can be avoided, careful management of moderate postoperative morbidities is essential.