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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology l01:25

Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology l

Pathophysiology investigates how biological mechanisms—typically starting at the cellular level—disrupt normal bodily functions. It bridges anatomy and physiology to explain the progression of disease. With this foundation, it is important to understand the following key terms used to describe disease processes: Diagnosis:The process of identifying a disease using clinical evaluation, including signs (objective evidence like rashes), symptoms (subjective experiences like pain), laboratory test...
Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll01:17

Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll

This lesson explores key terms that describe how diseases progress, their outcomes, and their distribution in populations.Diagnostic tests identify diseases and monitor treatment. These include blood and urine tests, biopsies, imaging (X-ray, MRI), and detection of infectious agents.Remission is a reduction or disappearance of symptoms.Exacerbation refers to the worsening of symptoms, such as increased wheezing during an asthma attack.A precipitating factor triggers an acute episode, while a...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

Four pathologies in one.

A L Gidwani1, G Blake

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Daisy Hill Hospital, 5 Railway Road, Newry, BT35 8DR, Northern Ireland. gidwanianand@hotmail.com

Irish Journal of Medical Science
|July 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This case highlights a rare surgical scenario involving acute appendicitis, Meckel's diverticulum, and Crohn's disease. Managing these concurrent conditions presents complex challenges in surgical decision-making.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency.
  • Incidental findings like Meckel's diverticulum and Crohn's disease can occur during appendectomy.

Observation:

  • Laparotomy for perforated appendicitis revealed an incidental Meckel's diverticulum.
  • Thickened distal small bowel with mesenteric fat infiltration suggested active Crohn's disease.

Findings:

  • Appendectomy confirmed a perforated appendix with an incidental carcinoid tumor.
  • Pathology also identified features consistent with Crohn's disease.

Implications:

  • The co-existence of acute appendicitis, Meckel's diverticulum, and Crohn's disease complicates surgical management.

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  • This case underscores the importance of careful intraoperative assessment and multidisciplinary discussion for optimal patient outcomes.