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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
14:56

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Published on: January 27, 2010

Predictors and consequences of multiple persistent postmastectomy pains.

Ian Kudel1, Robert R Edwards, Sharon Kozachik

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
|July 17, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Persistent postmastectomy pain is common. Reporting multiple pain types, especially "other mastectomy-related pain," significantly increases disability and distress in breast cancer survivors.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pain Medicine
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Persistent postmastectomy pain affects many breast cancer survivors.
  • Previous research has limited understanding of predictors and functional impacts of multiple pain types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predictors and functional impact of multiple postmastectomy pain types.
  • To assess the relationship between pain types, disability, and distress.

Main Methods:

  • Surveyed 278 women years after mastectomy.
  • Assessed phantom breast pain, scar pain, and other mastectomy-related pain.
  • Measured pain-related physical function and psychosocial distress.

Main Results:

  • All three pain types were highly correlated.
  • Increased number of pain types correlated with greater disability and distress.
  • "Other mastectomy-related pain" uniquely predicted disability and distress.

Conclusions:

  • Formal assessment of multiple postmastectomy pain types is recommended.
  • Focusing on "other mastectomy-related pains" may improve outcomes.
  • The number of pain types reported is a key predictor of functional outcomes.