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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Real-time Analysis of Gut-brain Neural Communication: Cortex wide Calcium Dynamics in Response to Intestinal Glucose Stimulation
Published on: December 29, 2023
Brain-gut communication: cortistatin, somatostatin and ghrelin
Fabio Broglio1, Mauro Papotti, Giampiero Muccioli
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy. fabio.broglio@unito.it
Abstract:
Although cortistatin (CST) shares great structural homology with somatostatin (SST) and binds to all SST receptor subtypes with similar affinity, these neurohormones have divergent biological roles, as evidenced by their different patterns of tissue expression and biological actions. Moreover, CST, but not SST, can bind to the proadrenomedullin N-terminal peptide (PAMP) receptor MrgX2 and type 1a growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) receptor (GHSR-1a), also known as the 'ghrelin' receptor. These findings suggest that CST-specific actions could be mediated by the GHSR-1a and CST might represent a link between the ghrelin and the SST systems. Here, we review the data leading to this working hypothesis and discuss the in vitro, in vivo and clinical implications of potential SST-receptor-independent, GHSR-1a-mediated neuroendocrine and metabolic effects of CST.
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