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Related Concept Videos

Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
08:18

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Inducing cellular senescence using defined genetic elements.

Hiroshi Nakagawa1, Oliver G Opitz

  • 1Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest. Multiple triggers, including telomere shortening and DNA damage, can induce this state, involving key pathways like p53.

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Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
06:51

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
08:18

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
06:51

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible G1 cell cycle arrest.
  • Primary mammalian cells have a finite lifespan, leading to replicative senescence.
  • Telomere shortening is a key factor in replicative senescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define cellular senescence and its various induction mechanisms.
  • To explore the common signaling pathways and morphological features of senescence.
  • To highlight the role of p53 in the senescence response.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating replicative senescence due to telomere shortening.
  • Inducing premature senescence via oncogenic signals (e.g., ras) or DNA damage.
  • Utilizing genetic elements to recapitulate senescence phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Cellular senescence is characterized by permanent growth arrest.
  • Telomere erosion is a critical driver of replicative senescence.
  • Oncogenic signals and DNA damage also induce senescence-like growth arrest.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence can be triggered by diverse mechanisms beyond telomere shortening.
  • Shared signaling pathways and p53 are crucial for senescence.
  • Experimental induction of senescence is achievable through genetic manipulation.