Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 13, 2026
10:49
Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
Published on: January 28, 2019
Preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis: do you have the facts?
Geoffrey Davidson1, Elizabeth J Elliott, Carl Kirkwood
1Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. geoff.davidson@cywhs.sa.gov.au
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|July 20, 2007
Summary
Australia
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of childhood illness and hospitalizations in Australia.
- Two new rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq and Rotarix, are being introduced into the National Immunisation Program.
- These vaccines differ in composition and administration schedules.
Purpose of the Study:
- To inform healthcare providers and the public about the upcoming funding and use of new rotavirus vaccines in Australia.
- To highlight the efficacy and safety profiles of the new vaccines based on large-scale clinical trials.
Main Methods:
- The abstract summarizes findings from large randomized controlled trials evaluating rotavirus vaccines.
- Data on vaccine efficacy, safety, and intussusception rates are considered.
Main Results:
- Both RotaTeq and Rotarix demonstrate high effectiveness in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis, including severe cases requiring hospitalization.
- No increased rate of intussusception was observed with either vaccine in clinical trials.
Conclusions:
- The introduction of these rotavirus vaccines is expected to significantly reduce the burden of rotavirus disease and associated healthcare costs in Australia.
- Ongoing surveillance for adverse events post-vaccination remains important.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
01:17Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets
Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
01:17Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
01:25Cholera
Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
01:22Botulism
Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...