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Related Experiment Videos

Cryotherapy for localised prostate cancer.

M Shelley1, T J Wilt, B Coles

  • 1Velindre NHS Trust, Research Laboratories, Velindre Road, Whitchurch, Cardiff, Wales, UK, CF4 7XL. mike.shelley@velindre-tr.wales.nhs.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cryotherapy is a potential treatment for localized prostate cancer, but evidence is limited. High complication rates like impotence and incontinence are reported, necessitating randomized trials for definitive evaluation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy in older men, with standard treatments including surgery, radiotherapy, and active monitoring.
  • Emerging therapies aim to reduce complications and improve efficacy, with cryotherapy being one such modality that uses freezing to destroy cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical and economic benefits of cryotherapy compared to standard treatments for localized prostate cancer.
  • To assess the effectiveness and safety of cryotherapy as a primary treatment for localized prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, etc.) for randomized trials.
  • Studies comparing cryotherapy with radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, or active monitoring for localized prostate cancer were included.

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  • Data extraction focused on study design, patient characteristics, interventions, and outcomes, including survival rates and complications.

    • Main Results:

    • No randomized trials were identified; all eligible studies were case series (n=1483).
    • Reported success rates varied, with one study showing 96% for total cryotherapy vs. 73% for radical prostatectomy.
    • Major complications included high rates of impotence (47-100%) and incontinence (1.3-19%), with significant urethral sloughing in some cases (3.9-85%).

    Conclusions:

    • Cryotherapy presents a potential alternative for localized prostate cancer treatment.
    • The low quality of existing evidence hinders definitive conclusions on its relative benefits.
    • Randomized trials are essential to fully assess cryotherapy's potential, and patients must be informed of the low-grade evidence and reported risks.