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Related Experiment Video

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Interference between two indistinguishable electrons from independent sources.

I Neder1, N Ofek, Y Chung

  • 1Braun Center for Submicron Research, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

Nature
|July 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum exchange statistics enable interference between two independent electrons. Researchers observed orbital entanglement in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer, demonstrating Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in cross-correlations.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum optics

Background:

  • Quantum interference is fundamental, observed in single particles and two-particle systems via exchange statistics.
  • Experimental verification of two-particle interference, particularly with electrons, is challenging due to source and synchronization issues.
  • Previous electron experiments focused on auto-correlation (shot noise), unlike optical experiments that observed photon bunching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate quantum interference and orbital entanglement between two independent electron beams.
  • To implement an electronic analogue of the Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • To investigate the role of Aharonov-Bohm flux on electron current fluctuations and cross-correlations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized edge channels in the quantum Hall effect regime to create an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • Partitioned two independent, mutually incoherent electron beams into four trajectories enclosing an Aharonov-Bohm flux.
  • Measured auto-correlation of individual currents and cross-correlation between current fluctuations at opposite points.

Main Results:

  • Individual electron currents and their shot noise (auto-correlation) showed no dependence on the Aharonov-Bohm flux.
  • Cross-correlation measurements between current fluctuations exhibited distinct Aharonov-Bohm oscillations.
  • These oscillations provide evidence for orbital entanglement between the two electron beams.

Conclusions:

  • The experiment successfully demonstrated quantum interference and orbital entanglement between independent electron beams.
  • Cross-correlation measurements are a sensitive probe for detecting orbital entanglement in electronic systems.
  • The findings pave the way for new quantum information processing schemes using electron entanglement.