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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...
Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

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Psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, clinical evidence, and recommendations.

Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater·2026
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[Reduction and discontinuation of antipsychotics and antidepressants: Comparative assessment by outpatient psychiatrists].

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Burnout symptoms, burnout rate, well-being, and academia-related stress factors in medical students : A study in two private medical schools in Austria.

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Subjective and objective olfactory dysfunction and its screening value in patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's dementia.

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Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater·2026
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

[Focussing on bipolar disorder].

Amand Hausmann1

  • 1Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Univ.-Klinik für Psychiatrie, Innsbruck. armand.hausmann@i-med.ac.at

Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie Und Rehabilitation : Organ Der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte Und Psychiater
|July 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar disorder is a serious, disabling condition often overlooked and undertreated. Evolving views reveal significant cognitive, emotional, and social impairments, alongside high suicide rates and comorbidities.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Mental Health Research

Context:

  • Bipolar disorder is increasingly recognized as a complex, recurrent, and disabling illness.
  • Historically underestimated, its impact extends beyond mood swings to profound cognitive, psychosocial, and emotional deficits.
  • High rates of suicide and comorbid psychiatric and somatic conditions underscore its severity.

Purpose:

  • To re-evaluate the understanding and diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder.
  • To highlight the limitations of current diagnostic systems (DSM, ICD) in capturing the full spectrum of the illness.
  • To discuss the implications of the bipolar spectrum concept on prevalence estimates and diagnostic approaches.

Summary:

  • Bipolar disorder is a severe, under-recognized disease with significant cognitive, psychosocial, and emotional disabilities.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

  • The bipolar spectrum concept, proposed by Angst and Akiskal, challenges existing diagnostic criteria.
  • This broader perspective increases the estimated prevalence of bipolar disorder to 5% or more of the general population.

    • Impact:

    • Shifts the paradigm of bipolar disorder from a relatively benign condition to a highly disabling one.
    • Challenges current diagnostic frameworks like DSM and ICD, suggesting a need for revision.
    • Increases awareness of the widespread impact of bipolar disorder and its associated comorbidities, potentially improving patient care and research focus.