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Swallowing disorders.

Jeri A Logemann1

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, 2240 Campus Drive, #3-358, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. j-logemann@northwestern.edu

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|July 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Understanding the oropharyngeal swallow mechanism is key to diagnosing and treating dysphagia. This involves assessing bolus characteristics and employing various therapeutic strategies for safe oral intake.

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • The oropharyngeal swallow is a rapid, complex mechanism influenced by bolus properties and voluntary control.
  • Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, necessitates precise identification of affected muscles or nerves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the various behavioral, sensory, voluntary, exercise, medication, and surgical approaches for treating oropharyngeal swallowing disorders.
  • To highlight the role of swallowing specialists, such as speech-language pathologists, in managing dysphagia.

Main Methods:

  • Assessment of oropharyngeal swallow function using videofluoroscopy.
  • Identification of specific muscle or nerve damage contributing to dysphagia.
  • Evaluation of diverse treatment categories including behavioral, sensory, and surgical interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Oropharyngeal swallow behaviors vary based on bolus volume, viscosity, and volitional control.
  • Videofluoroscopy is crucial for diagnosing the underlying causes of dysphagia.
  • A range of treatments can be implemented to improve swallowing efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of oropharyngeal swallowing disorders requires accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans.
  • Speech-language pathologists play a vital role in guiding patients toward safe and efficient oral intake.
  • A multidisciplinary approach encompassing various therapeutic strategies is essential for successful dysphagia rehabilitation.