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Related Experiment Videos

The built environment and collective efficacy.

Deborah A Cohen1, Sanae Inagami, Brian Finch

  • 1Department of Health, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90405, USA. dcohen@rand.org

Health & Place
|July 24, 2007
PubMed
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Neighborhood parks may foster collective efficacy, enhancing social capital and health. Environmental factors like parks can be foundational for community well-being and positive health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Urban Planning
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Collective efficacy, a measure of neighborhood social capital, is linked to better health outcomes.
  • Existing research often views collective efficacy as a cause of health, but this study explores environmental influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between environmental features and personal reports of neighborhood collective efficacy.
  • To determine if social and environmental factors in Los Angeles neighborhoods influence collective efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Study (LAFANS) and geographical data.
  • Employed multi-level modeling, controlling for individual-level factors (age, income, education, etc.) and tract-level factors (disadvantage, alcohol outlets, parks, fast food outlets).

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Main Results:

  • Parks were independently and positively associated with collective efficacy.
  • Alcohol outlets showed a negative association with collective efficacy, but this was dependent on controlling for neighborhood disadvantage.
  • Fast food outlets and elementary schools did not show a significant linear relationship with collective efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental features, particularly parks, may serve as a foundation for neighborhood social interactions and collective efficacy.
  • Modifying environmental features could potentially have a significant impact on community health and well-being.