[Comparison between open and laparoscopic approach in radical prostatectomy].

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Surgical Oncology
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• Radical prostatectomy is a primary treatment for prostate cancer.
• Evaluating surgical approaches is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) with open radical prostatectomy (ORP).
• To assess differences in operative time, blood loss, hospitalization, and surgical/oncologic control.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 180 radical prostatectomies (105 LRP, 75 ORP) from 2004-2005.
• Comparison of operative time, estimated blood loss (hematocrit difference), and hospital stay.
• Evaluation of malignant margins (MM) and benign/malign surgical incisions (BSI/MSI).

Main Results:

• LRP had a longer operative time (172 vs 145 minutes) but significantly less blood loss and shorter hospital stay.
• LRP demonstrated a lower rate of positive malignant margins (5.4% vs 16.9%) compared to ORP.
• ORP had a higher rate of benign surgical incisions.

Conclusions:

• Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is a valid surgical approach for prostate cancer.
• LRP offers reduced surgical aggressiveness, improved malignant margin control, less blood loss, and shorter hospital stays.
• Despite a longer operative time and learning curve, LRP provides significant oncologic and clinical benefits.