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Related Experiment Videos

Opioids in the milk.

H Teschemacher1, G Koch

  • 1Rudolf-Buchheim-Institut für Pharmakologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany.

Endocrine Regulations
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Milk contains opioid-like compounds, including morphine and various peptides such as beta-casomorphins. Some act as agonists, while others, like casoxins, function as opioid antagonists, potentially extending endogenous opioid systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Milk contains various opioid receptor ligands.
  • These ligands include morphine and opioid peptides derived from milk proteins.
  • Some peptides exhibit agonistic activity, while others show antagonistic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen milk for free or precursor-bound opioids.
  • To identify and characterize opioid receptor ligands in milk.
  • To explore the potential functional significance of these milk-derived opioids.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of milk for opioid presence.
  • Identification of opioid receptor ligands with agonistic and antagonistic activities.
  • Analysis of peptide structures derived from milk proteins like casein and lactoferrin.

Main Results:

  • Opioid receptor ligands, including morphine and peptides (alpha-casein exorphins, beta-casomorphins, alpha-lactorphins, beta-lactorphin), were identified in milk.
  • Agonistic activities were found for peptides from alpha-casein, beta-casein, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin.
  • Antagonistic activities were observed for certain peptides from k-casein (casoxins) and lactoferrin (lactoferroxins).

Conclusions:

  • Milk-derived peptides can act as opioid receptor agonists or antagonists.
  • Beta-casomorphins have demonstrated functional significance in mammalian organisms.
  • These milk-derived opioids may serve as exogenous extensions of endogenous opioid systems, impacting reproduction and nutrition.

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