[Chronic crying in the elderly]

The author is an undergraduate nursing student who has researched the effect of human contact on elderly clients who cry repetitively and without apparent reason. The study attempts to incorporate what we already know about the constant interaction between the individual and the family or social group. The theory developed by Martha A. Rogers was used as the conceptual framework. Rogers' theory compares individuals and their environments to waves in continual motion. Two clients were the focus of this study--a 78-year-old man and an 81-year-old woman. A detailed observation and analysis of their behavior were followed by the identification and charting of the clients' daily rhythms and those of the health care unit, in order to pinpoint regular patterns. For example, in noting the exact time medication is given, it is possible to see how it affects the client's behavior. The author is convinced that human contact is far more beneficial than physical constraints or medication. She proposes an individualized care plan directed by a primary nurse and a select group of other caregivers in order to ensure a consistent approach. The key to resolving the problem of chronic crying is a combination of patience, respect and kindness. The results of her research seem to bear this out. For the male client, the frequency and volume of crying were markedly reduced. The female client learned to express her needs in more acceptable ways. For the staff, this new approach resulted in a significant boost in morale.