[Treatment options for arteriovenous malformations]

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations are errors in the development of vasculature with shunts between cerebral arteries and veins, which manifest predominantly as intracerebral hemorrhage. To prevent hemorrhage, a complete obliteration of the arteriovenous malformation is necessary. For this purpose, techniques of microsurgery, radiotherapy, and embolization alone or in combination are available. This review article presents the treatment options and also summarizes available data from the literature on which therapy should be chosen in which situation and when watchful waiting should be preferred.