Breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in a Swaziland population

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Pediatric Nutrition
• Maternal Health

Background:

• A baseline health status survey was conducted before Maguga Dam construction in Swaziland.
• This study focused on breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices for children under two years old.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess infant and young child feeding practices in Swaziland.
• To identify potential areas for intervention in infant nutrition.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study in three areas near Maguga Dam and two socio-economically similar control areas.
• Data collected on breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and formula milk usage.

Main Results:

• High breastfeeding initiation and duration (over 12 months).
• 60% of infants received solids at 4-6 months, primarily maize meal porridge.
• Concerns identified: early/late introduction of solids (28.2% <4mo, 11.8% >6mo), 2-month gap between solids, feeding order, and incorrect formula mixing.

Conclusions:

• Breastfeeding practices are strong in this Swaziland population.
• Complementary feeding practices, including timing, variety, and formula preparation, need improvement to ensure optimal infant nutrition.