Anthocyanin-rich grape extract blocks breast cell DNA damage

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Cancer Chemoprevention
• Molecular Toxicology

Background:

• Anthocyanins, a class of flavonoids, are investigated for chronic disease prevention.
• Environmental carcinogens like benzo[a]pyrene (BP) can form DNA adducts, contributing to cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the chemopreventive potential of Concord grape extract (CGE) and delphinidin against BP-induced DNA adduct formation.
• To investigate the effects of CGE and delphinidin on phase II detoxification enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human breast cells.

Main Methods:

• MCF-10F human breast epithelial cells were treated with CGE or delphinidin.
• BP-DNA adduct formation was measured.
• Activities of glutathione S-transferase and NAD(P)H:quinone reductase 1 were assessed.
• ROS production was quantified.

Main Results:

• CGE (10 and 20 microg/mL) and delphinidin (0.6 microM) significantly inhibited BP-DNA adduct formation.
• These treatments increased the activities of phase II detoxification enzymes.
• ROS formation was suppressed, but antioxidant response element-dependent transcription was not induced.

Conclusions:

• Concord grape extract and delphinidin exhibit breast cancer chemopreventive potential.
• Mechanisms include blocking carcinogen-DNA adduct formation, modulating carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, and suppressing ROS.
• These findings support the role of grape anthocyanins in cancer chemoprevention.