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Published on: January 7, 2019
Qualitative data collection and analysis methods: the INSTINCT trial
William J Meurer1, Shirley M Frederiksen, Jennifer J Majersik
1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. wmeurer@med.umich.edu
Summary
Implementing qualitative methods helps identify and overcome barriers to knowledge translation in patient care. This approach aids in improving treatment adherence and patient outcomes by understanding physician and patient perspectives.
Area of Science:
- Emergency Medicine Research
- Knowledge Translation (KT)
- Qualitative Methodology
Background:
- Patient care practices often fail to align with current scientific evidence and guidelines.
- Inadequate assessment of barriers hinders effective knowledge translation at the point of care.
- Qualitative methods offer in-depth exploration of barriers to practice change, yet are underutilized in emergency medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the methodology for qualitative analysis within the INcreasing Stroke Treatment through INteractive behavioral Change Tactics (INSTINCT) trial.
- To evaluate a system-based barrier assessment and interactive educational intervention to improve tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) use in ischemic stroke.
- To identify and overcome barriers confronting healthcare providers and patients in implementing evidence-based stroke treatment.
Main Methods:
- Utilized qualitative methods, including focus groups and interviews, for in-depth barrier assessment in 24 hospitals.
- Conducted baseline barrier assessments using both qualitative and quantitative (survey) techniques.
- Analyzed textual data from transcripts using NVivo7 software with a predefined barrier taxonomy.
Main Results:
- Qualitative analysis provided insights into barriers affecting thrombolytic use for ischemic stroke.
- Identified specific barrier types and their importance at individual treatment sites.
- Findings informed the development of targeted professional education and system interventions.
Conclusions:
- Qualitative methodology is valuable for understanding and addressing barriers in knowledge translation for emergency medicine.
- The INSTINCT trial's approach demonstrates a systematic way to improve adherence to evidence-based stroke treatment protocols.
- Tailored interventions based on barrier assessments can enhance the appropriate use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).
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