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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Microdialysis of Excitatory Amino Acids During EEG Recordings in Freely Moving Rats
Published on: November 8, 2018
Leukoencephalopathy associated with dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
Chih-Hung Chang1, Kao-Tai Hsu, Chih-Hsiung Lee
1Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital--Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS) is usually seen in severely uremic patients who are dialyzed aggressively. DDS mostly appeared within 24 hours after hemodialysis (HD) and may last for a few hours. This diagnosis is made by the exclusion of other causes including metabolic and intracranial events and has been recognized for more than 40 years. Few reports described the cerebral radiographic features associated with DDS. We present an 83-year-old uremic patient experiencing DDS at initial HD. DDS-related cerebral radiographic manifestations reported in the literature are reviewed, along with a discussion of the role of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of DDS.
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