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Divorce and psychological stress.

A Booth1, P Amato

  • 1Department of Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.

Journal of Health and Social Behavior
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Psychological stress rises before divorce but returns to normal levels afterward, indicating a crisis model is useful for understanding adjustment. Predivorce factors significantly influence post-divorce stress levels.

Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Extensive research exists on divorce adjustment.
  • Limited studies have assessed psychological stress before and after divorce.
  • The relationship between psychological stress and marital dissolution remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the relationship between psychological stress and marital dissolution.
  • To assess the utility of a crisis model for understanding divorce adjustment.
  • To identify factors influencing stress levels before and after divorce.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three-wave panel data from a national sample.
  • Comparison of stress levels between divorced and married individuals.
  • Longitudinal assessment of psychological stress over time.

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Main Results:

  • A predivorce rise in psychological stress was observed, returning to levels comparable to married individuals post-divorce.
  • No evidence suggests high psychological stress is a general cause of divorce.
  • Predivorce resources and outlooks significantly influence post-divorce stress.
  • Lower income, limited education, and wife's non-labor force status disadvantage divorcing individuals.
  • Individuals with few premarital troubles and negative views on divorce experience heightened post-divorce stress.

Conclusions:

  • The crisis model is appropriate for understanding adjustment to divorce.
  • Psychological stress does not appear to be a primary cause of divorce.
  • Post-divorce stress is not permanently elevated but is influenced by predivorce conditions.