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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

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A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
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Published on: August 12, 2020

Cutaneous lesions in new born.

Meenakshi Sachdeva1, Surjeet Kaur, Madhu Nagpal

  • 1Department of Skin and STD, Govt. Medical College/G. N. D. Hospital, Amritsar, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|July 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Nearly all newborns exhibit skin variations, with physiological changes like Epstein pearls and Mongolian spots being most common. Transient conditions such as erythema toxicum neonatorum also frequently appear in the first five days of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Newborn skin commonly presents with various physiological changes and transient conditions.
  • Understanding the prevalence of these conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and parental reassurance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and types of cutaneous lesions in newborn infants.
  • To document the frequency of physiological skin changes, transient non-infective diseases, naevi, and developmental defects in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving daily examination of 500 unselected newborn babies for the first five days post-birth.
  • Detailed recording of all observed cutaneous lesions, categorizing them into physiological changes, transient diseases, naevi, and developmental defects.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of cutaneous lesions (94.8%) was observed in newborns.
  • Common physiological changes included Epstein pearls (61%) and Mongolian spots (60.2%).
  • Erythema toxicum neonatorum (21%) was the most frequent transient non-infective skin disease, while salmon patches (13.8%) were the most common naevi.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a very high incidence of normal newborn skin variations.
  • Early postnatal skin assessment is vital for differentiating benign conditions from significant pathologies.