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Related Concept Videos

Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Interactions with and Membrane Permeabilization of Brain Mitochondria by Amyloid Fibrils
15:04

Interactions with and Membrane Permeabilization of Brain Mitochondria by Amyloid Fibrils

Published on: September 28, 2019

An update on the amyloid hypothesis.

Christopher B Eckman1, Elizabeth A Eckman

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. eckman@mayo.edu

Neurologic Clinics
|July 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is explored, focusing on the amyloid hypothesis. Understanding AD etiology is crucial for developing new treatments and preventative strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Developing effective treatments requires understanding AD's causes and progression.
  • The amyloid hypothesis is a leading theory in AD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the evidence supporting the amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease.
  • To correlate the amyloid hypothesis with AD's neurological and neuropathological characteristics.
  • To discuss genetic risk factors and the impact of aging on AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of neurological and neuropathological data in AD.
  • Examination of genetic studies related to AD risk factors.

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Methods for Detecting Cytotoxic Amyloids Following Infection of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Interactions with and Membrane Permeabilization of Brain Mitochondria by Amyloid Fibrils
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Interactions with and Membrane Permeabilization of Brain Mitochondria by Amyloid Fibrils

Published on: September 28, 2019

A Caenorhabditis elegans Model System for Amylopathy Study
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Main Results:

  • Evidence supporting the role of amyloid in AD pathogenesis is presented.
  • Connections between amyloid, AD's clinical features, and genetic predispositions are discussed.
  • Advanced age is confirmed as a significant risk factor for AD.

Conclusions:

  • The amyloid hypothesis provides a framework for understanding AD.
  • Further research into amyloid's role is essential for therapeutic development.
  • Integrated understanding of etiological factors is key for AD prevention.