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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Primary Dermal Fibroblasts from Human Keloid Tissue
Published on: July 28, 2023
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and keloid disease
Jagajeevan Jagadeesan1, Ardeshir Bayat
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Preston Hospital, Sharoe Green Lane, Fulwood, Preston PR2 9HT, UK.
Abstract:
Keloids are benign fibroproliferative diseases of unknown aetiology. They occur as a result of derangement of the normal wound healing process in susceptible individuals. Although several factors have been postulated in the aetiopathogenesis of this condition, there has been growing evidence to suggest a role for Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFbeta) family members in its pathogenesis. TGFbeta has also been found to be associated with fibrotic diseases affecting different organs of the body including liver, kidney, lung as well as skin. In this review article, we will discuss the morphology and mechanism of action of TGFbeta and its isoforms and present the most up to date literature discussing the role of TGFbeta isoforms, their receptors, and intracellular signalling pathways (the SMAD pathway) in the pathogenesis of keloid disease. Understanding the role of TGFbeta in keloid disease could lead to the development of clinically useful therapeutic modalities for treatment of this condition.
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