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Related Concept Videos

Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...
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Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
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Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

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[Infantile herpes zoster].

S Atmani1, M Elouardi, A Bouharrou

  • 1Département de pédiatrie, hôpital universitaire de Fès, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Fès, route Sidi-Hrazem, km 2,200, BP 1893, 30000 Fès, Maroc. samir.atmani8@caramail.com

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|July 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Herpes zoster is rare in infants without known maternal varicella exposure. This case highlights that early infancy herpes zoster can occur even without antenatal or postnatal contact with herpes viruses.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster (shingles) is uncommon in infants, typically associated with maternal varicella exposure.
  • Infantile herpes zoster without clear exposure history presents a diagnostic challenge.

Observation:

  • A 3-month-old infant presented with herpes zoster affecting the sciatic nerve territory.
  • No history of maternal varicella (chickenpox) or contact with varicella-zoster virus was identified.

Findings:

  • The infant's herpes zoster occurred despite the absence of intrauterine or postnatal exposure to varicella-zoster virus.
  • This case underscores that maternal or environmental exposure is not a prerequisite for infantile herpes zoster.

Implications:

  • The findings suggest that other factors or unrecognised transmission routes may contribute to herpes zoster in early infancy.
  • Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of herpes zoster in neonates and young infants without typical exposure.
  • Clinicians should consider herpes zoster in infants presenting with neurological or dermatological symptoms, even without a clear exposure history.