Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis: from associations to mechanisms to potential therapies.

The Lancet. Neurology·2026
Same author

Proinflammatory Epstein-Barr Virus Antibody Functions Track with Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

Monocyte-derived macrophages drive neurological tissue damage through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

Science immunology·2026
Same author

Not so cold after all: tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells in EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma are quiescent, not exhausted.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Precision modeling of tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses in humanized mice for preclinical assessment of cancer immunotherapies.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer·2026
Same author

Triggering multiple sclerosis: infection with Epstein-Barr virus activates multiple pre-existing autoreactive B and T cells.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Innate and adaptive immunity through autophagy.

Dorothee Schmid1, Christian Münz

  • 1Laboratory of Viral Immunobiology and Christopher H. Browne Center for Immunology and Immune Diseases, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Immunity
|August 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular degradation process, is crucial for immune responses. It helps eliminate pathogens and regulates adaptive immunity by presenting antigens and influencing T cell survival.

More Related Videos

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy
07:20

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy
07:20

Exploring the Regulation of Lipid Droplet Catabolism through Lipophagy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic cells possess two primary proteolytic systems: proteasomes and lysosomes.
  • Proteasomes degrade polyubiquitinated proteins, while autophagy targets intracellular material for lysosomal degradation.
  • Autophagy's role in cell survival is well-established, with emerging evidence highlighting its critical function in immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  • To explore how autophagy restricts intracellular pathogen replication.
  • To understand autophagy's contribution to antigen presentation and T cell regulation.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews existing literature on autophagy and its immune functions.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which autophagy restricts viral and bacterial infections.
  • Examination of autophagy's role in antigen processing and presentation via MHC class II.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy restricts viral infections and intracellular bacterial/parasitic replication.
  • Autophagy facilitates cytoplasmic antigen delivery for MHC class II presentation.
  • Autophagy influences T cell survival, cell death, and adaptive immune regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy is a key pathway for innate immunity, directly combating intracellular pathogens.
  • Autophagy bridges innate and adaptive immunity through antigen presentation.
  • The immune system leverages autophagy for pathogen restriction and adaptive immune modulation.