Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Effect of hyperglycemia and insulin in acute coronary syndromes

Paresh Dandona1, Ajay Chaudhuri, Husam Ghanim

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA. pdandona@kaleidahealth.org

The American Journal of Cardiology
|August 2, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Hyperglycemia increases risks for critically ill patients. Insulin infusion helps control blood sugar, improving outcomes by reducing inflammation and promoting euglycemia.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular medicine

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is linked to worse outcomes in intensive care, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary artery bypass grafting.
  • Insulin infusion therapy has shown benefits in controlling hyperglycemia and improving clinical results in these patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review data on the proinflammatory effects of glucose and free fatty acids.
  • To discuss the anti-inflammatory properties of insulin.
  • To provide a mechanistic basis for the benefits of euglycemia achieved through insulin infusion in hospitalized patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing published data.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the inflammatory effects of glucose and free fatty acids.
  • Examination of research on insulin's anti-inflammatory actions.

Main Results:

  • Glucose and free fatty acids exhibit proinflammatory effects.
  • Insulin demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Maintaining euglycemia with insulin infusion is mechanistically justified for improved patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin infusion is a key therapeutic strategy for managing hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients.
  • Understanding the inflammatory pathways modulated by insulin provides a rationale for its clinical benefits.
  • Controlling blood glucose levels is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality in critical care settings.

More Related Videos

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice11:10

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Published on: November 16, 2011

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management01:26

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...