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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

Constrained condylar knee without stem extensions for difficult primary total knee arthroplasty.

John A Anderson1, Andrea Baldini, James H MacDonald

  • 1Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.

The Journal of Knee Surgery
|August 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study on constrained condylar total knee arthroplasty in severe knee damage shows good short-term outcomes. It suggests routine stem extensions may not always be necessary for these complex primary cases.

Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Severe knee damage often requires complex total knee arthroplasty.
  • The necessity of diaphyseal stem extensions in primary total knee arthroplasty for severe deformities is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the short- to mid-term outcomes of primary constrained condylar total knee arthroplasty without diaphyseal stem extensions.
  • To assess the complication rate and functional improvement in patients with severe knee deformities.

Main Methods:

  • A consecutive series of 248 primary constrained condylar total knee arthroplasties without stem extensions were implanted.
  • 192 knees (148 patients) were reviewed at a mean 47-month follow-up.
  • Preoperative deformity was severe (82% Ahlbäck grade 4-5).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

Main Results:

  • Knee Society score improved significantly from 36 to 89; function score improved from 42 to 76.
  • The overall failure rate was 2.5%, including infections, aseptic loosening, and fractures.
  • Nonprogressive radiolucent lines were observed in 16% of cases, with 2.5% experiencing patellofemoral complications.

Conclusions:

  • Nonmodular constrained condylar knees provide reliable short- to mid-term results for primary severe knee damage.
  • The findings question the routine use of intramedullary stem extensions in all such primary cases.
  • Low complication rates support this approach for select patients.