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Breast cancer risk assessment in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban communities

Chyongchiou Jeng Lin1, Bruce Block, Mary Patricia Nowalk

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Shadyside Place, Suite 110, 580 S. Aiken Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. cjlin@pitt.edu

Journal of the National Medical Association
|August 3, 2007
PubMed

During 2005, a risk assessment tool based on the Gail model was used to calculate the five-year risk of developing breast cancer for 445 women who live in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban communities in western Pennsylvania and who attended health fairs and other community-sponsored activities. This tool allowed us to evaluate each woman and advise her of her risks in a process lasting 15-20 minutes. Of the 445 women, 71.7% were black and 21.6% had a higher than average risk. The proportion of white women at high risk was significantly greater than the proportion of black women at high risk (33.3% vs. 16.9%; P < 0.01). The Gail model assessment tool for use in low-income and minority populations holds promise because it is noninvasive, is easy to use and provides immediate data about risk. This risk communication may help encourage minority and low-income women to receive screening mammography. It has the potential to improve breast cancer screening rates.

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