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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

[Sepsis in the sphenoiditis patient].

Krzysztof Preś1, Marek Bochnia, Beata Rostkowska-Nadolska

  • 1Katedra i Klinika Otolaryngologii AM we Wrocławiu.

Otolaryngologia Polska = the Polish Otolaryngology
|August 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Sepsis from isolated sphenoiditis is rare but serious. Prompt diagnosis and combined surgical and antibiotic treatment led to complete recovery in a 61-year-old woman.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Case Reports

Background:

  • Presents a rare case of sepsis originating from isolated sphenoiditis.
  • Highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with uncommon infections.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old woman presented with prolonged fever, leukocytosis, and weight loss.
  • Initial diagnostics failed to identify systemic or neoplastic diseases.
  • NMR revealed sphenoid sinus shadowing, leading to surgical intervention.

Findings:

  • Surgical drainage of the sphenoid sinus yielded Staphylococcus aureus.
  • The pathogen was susceptible to Vancomycin and Tienam.
  • Combined surgical treatment and targeted antibiotic therapy resulted in complete symptom resolution.

Implications:

  • Emphasizes that isolated sphenoiditis, though rare, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Underscores the potential for life-threatening complications due to delayed diagnosis.
  • Suggests a multidisciplinary approach for managing complex sinonasal infections.