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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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Using Microarrays to Interrogate Microenvironmental Impact on Cellular Phenotypes in Cancer
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The need to develop centers for environmental oncology.

Devra Lee Davis1, Maryann Donovan, Ronald Herberman

  • 1University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. davisdl@upmc.edu

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|August 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cancer incidence is rising due to unexplained factors, necessitating a shift towards prevention. New research centers will focus on environmental oncology to identify and mitigate cancer causes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cancer burden in the U.S. has significantly increased, with current risk factors inadequately explaining disease patterns.
  • While molecular carcinogenesis is better understood (genetic mutations, inflammation, microenvironment), most cancer-causing mutations are acquired, not inherited.
  • Current cancer control predominantly focuses on detection and treatment, with limited emphasis on primary prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a framework for establishing interdisciplinary environmental oncology research and policy centers.
  • To enhance cancer prevention by integrating insights from epidemiology, molecular epidemiology, and basic science.
  • To develop targeted interventions and policy recommendations for reducing environmental cancer hazards.

Main Methods:

  • Establishing comprehensive research and policy centers at academic cancer centers.
  • Utilizing epidemiology, molecular epidemiology, and research on genomic, metabolomic, and other biomarkers.
  • Analyzing environmental factors (personal, occupational, general) contributing to cancer risk.

Main Results:

  • The abstract outlines a proposed framework, not empirical results.
  • The framework aims to bridge the gap between understanding cancer causes and implementing preventive strategies.
  • Focus on identifying and controlling underlying causes of cancer occurrence and progression.

Conclusions:

  • A proactive, prevention-focused approach is crucial to combat the growing cancer problem.
  • Environmental oncology centers are essential for developing evidence-based interventions and policies.
  • Integrating diverse scientific insights will improve the identification and control of environmental cancer risks.