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Related Concept Videos

Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the exudate's...
Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps01:15

Handwashing III: During the Procedure and Post-Procedure Steps

To wash hands properly, follow these steps:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assessing Biofilm Dispersal in Murine Wounds
12:18

Assessing Biofilm Dispersal in Murine Wounds

Published on: August 7, 2021

Early wound irrigation improves the ability to remove bacteria.

Brett D Owens1, Joseph C Wenke

  • 1United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3400 Rawley Chambers Road, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA. b.owens@us.army.mil

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|August 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Prompt wound irrigation is crucial for bacterial removal. Earlier intervention, such as within three hours, significantly enhances bacterial clearance compared to delayed treatment in contaminated wounds.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assessing Biofilm Dispersal in Murine Wounds
12:18

Assessing Biofilm Dispersal in Murine Wounds

Published on: August 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Wound healing research
  • Microbiology
  • Surgical infection control

Background:

  • Optimal timing for wound irrigation remains unclear.
  • Surgeons often prioritize immediate treatment of contaminated wounds.
  • This study investigates the impact of irrigation delay on bacterial reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of wound irrigation timing in reducing bacterial load.
  • To quantify bacterial clearance at different irrigation intervals.
  • To establish evidence-based guidelines for contaminated wound management.

Main Methods:

  • Goat leg musculoskeletal wound model.
  • Contamination with lux-modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • Quantitative bacterial analysis using photon-counting imaging.
  • Pulsatile lavage with 6 L saline at 3, 6, and 12-hour intervals.

Main Results:

  • Irrigation at 3 hours achieved 70% bacterial reduction.
  • Irrigation at 6 hours achieved 52% bacterial reduction.
  • Irrigation at 12 hours achieved 37% bacterial reduction.
  • Significant differences in clearance ratios observed across all time points (p < 0.004).

Conclusions:

  • Early wound irrigation significantly improves bacterial removal.
  • Delayed irrigation (6 and 12 hours) is less effective.
  • Timely intervention is critical for effective management of contaminated wounds.