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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria
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Assaying for Inorganic Polyphosphate in Bacteria

Published on: January 21, 2019

Polyphosphate kinase genes from full-scale activated sludge plants.

Katherine D McMahon1, Suzan Yilmaz, Shaomei He

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. tmcmahon@engr.wisc.edu

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|August 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) relies on polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria. This study used the polyphosphate kinase gene (ppk1) to reveal finer population structures within Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis in wastewater treatment plants.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Wastewater Treatment Technologies
  • Molecular Ecology

Background:

  • Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is crucial for wastewater treatment.
  • The bacteria Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis are key players in EBPR.
  • Limited knowledge exists on the population ecology of Accumulibacter-like bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the population structure of Accumulibacter-like bacteria in activated sludge.
  • To utilize the polyphosphate kinase (ppk1) gene as a high-resolution genetic marker.
  • To differentiate Accumulibacter populations in EBPR and non-EBPR wastewater treatment plants.

Main Methods:

  • Amplification of the ppk1 gene from activated sludge samples.
  • Construction of clone libraries using conserved ppk1 regions.

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  • Comparative sequence analysis and primer design for specific amplification.

    • Main Results:

    • ppk1 gene fragments were exclusively retrieved from Accumulibacter-affiliated organisms in EBPR plants.
    • No ppk1 fragments were detected in samples from a non-EBPR plant.
    • A specific primer set was developed to amplify a 1,100 bp ppk1 fragment from Accumulibacter-like bacteria.

    Conclusions:

    • The polyphosphate kinase (ppk1) gene is a valuable marker for studying Accumulibacter population dynamics.
    • Results indicate a finer-scale population architecture within the Accumulibacter cluster than previously shown.
    • This research enhances our understanding of microbial communities in EBPR systems.