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Are brain structural abnormalities useful as endophenotypes in schizophrenia?

Matcheri S Keshavan1, Konasale M Prasad, Godfrey Pearlson

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4201 St. Antoine Boulevard, Detroit, MA 48201, USA. mkeshava@med.wayne.edu

International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England)
|August 3, 2007
PubMed
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Structural brain changes in schizophrenia may serve as reliable endophenotypes. These brain morphometric alterations are heritable and present in unaffected relatives, meeting key criteria for endophenotypes in psychotic disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Endophenotypes are crucial for understanding complex psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.
  • Candidate endophenotypes include neurocognitive and neurophysiological markers.
  • Brain structural alterations are frequently reported in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the literature on schizophrenia neuroanatomy.
  • To evaluate brain structural abnormalities as potential endophenotypes.
  • To assess if these changes meet endophenotype criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of neuroanatomy studies in schizophrenia.
  • Analysis of structural brain changes in relation to endophenotype criteria.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of heritability and familial co-segregation of brain morphometrics.

    • Main Results:

    • Structural brain changes are robustly associated with schizophrenia and state-independent.
    • Brain morphometric measures are heritable and co-segregate with related phenotypes in relatives.
    • These alterations are more frequent in unaffected family members than the general population.

    Conclusions:

    • Structural brain morphometric alterations largely meet the criteria for endophenotypes in psychotic disorders.
    • Further research is needed on gene-environment interactions influencing these brain changes.
    • Endophenotypes like brain structure are vital for unraveling schizophrenia's molecular etiopathology.