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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples

Published on: June 9, 2016

Scanning nonlinear magnetic microscopy.

Makoto Endo¹, Koya Ohara, Yasuo Cho

¹Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|August 4, 2007

Summary

Scanning nonlinear magnetic microscopy (SNMM) measures magnetization distribution by detecting inductance variations. This new technique reveals nonlinear magnetic properties and magnetization direction/magnitude in materials like floppy disks.

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Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Physics
Magnetism

Background:

Characterizing magnetization distribution is crucial for understanding magnetic materials.
Existing microscopy techniques have limitations in directly measuring nonlinear magnetic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce Scanning Nonlinear Magnetic Microscopy (SNMM) as a novel technique.
Demonstrate SNMM's capability for quantitative magnetization measurement.
Explore the nonlinear magnetic properties of materials.

Main Methods:

Utilizes the detection of inductance variation in magnetic materials.
Applies an external alternating magnetic field to probe nonlinear magnetic response.
Measures nonlinear magnetic permeability (μ(333)) and magnetization vector.

Main Results:

SNMM successfully measures the distribution of magnetization.
The technique provides quantitative data on nonlinear magnetic permeability.
Demonstrated application on a floppy disk shows detailed magnetization patterns.

Conclusions:

SNMM is a viable new microscopy technique for magnetization analysis.
The method offers insights into nonlinear magnetic behavior.
SNMM has potential applications in magnetic data storage and materials research.