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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
11:29

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

Published on: July 20, 2016

Hairy cell leukemia.

Ronan Swords1, Francis Giles

  • 1Department of Haematology, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England)
|August 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell cancer affecting older men. Current purine analog therapies are generally effective for managing this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder.
  • Characterized by pancytopenia and infiltration of the reticuloendothelial system.
  • More prevalent in men, with a median diagnosis age of 52 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of HCL.
  • To cover pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
  • To discuss future directions in HCL research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HCL pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria for HCL.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment strategies.
  • Synthesis of recent advancements and future outlook.

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Main Results:

  • HCL exhibits distinct pathological features.
  • Diagnosis relies on specific clinical and laboratory findings.
  • Purine analog therapy shows high efficacy in most patients.
  • Ongoing research aims to refine treatment and understand resistance.

Conclusions:

  • HCL remains a manageable chronic leukemia with effective therapies.
  • Further research is crucial for optimizing treatment and addressing unmet needs.
  • A comprehensive understanding of HCL is vital for improved patient outcomes.