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Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

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Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
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Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

Genome scan implicates adhesion biological pathways in secondary leukemia.

C Hartford1, W Yang, C Cheng

  • 1Department of Hematology-Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.

Leukemia
|August 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Identifying genetic risk factors for etoposide-induced leukemia is crucial. This study found novel genetic alterations and pathways, including adhesion and Wnt signaling, contributing to therapy-induced leukemia development.

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HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
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HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

Published on: July 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genetic risk factors for etoposide-induced leukemia with MLL translocations are largely unknown.
  • Secondary leukemia is a serious complication of cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genetic risk factors for secondary leukemia.
  • To characterize novel genetic features of therapy-induced leukemia.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide profiling of 116,204 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in germline and leukemic DNA.
  • Analysis of global gene expression in a related cohort.
  • Identification of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) regions and differential SNP allele frequencies.

Main Results:

  • No single locus was altered in most cases, suggesting complex genetic contributions.
  • Identified 81 regions of LOH and 309 SNPs with differing allele frequencies between cases and controls.
  • Discovered altered biological pathways including adhesion, Wnt signaling, and regulation of actin.

Conclusions:

  • Independent clinical and in vitro approaches converged to identify novel pathways in therapy-induced leukemia.
  • Adhesion pathway genes were implicated in etoposide-induced leukemogenesis.
  • These findings advance understanding of the genetic basis of secondary leukemia.